Author(s): Vinay Kumar and Yogendra Singh

Abstract: Forensic science has become an indispensable tool in modern criminal investigations and the administration of justice. In the Indian legal framework, forensic evidence plays a pivotal role in bridging the gap between law enforcement agencies and the judiciary, offering scientific validation in the pursuit of truth. This paper explores the historical evolution, legal provisions, and operational dynamics of forensic science in India, shedding light on its significance in criminal investigations and trials. The study begins with an overview of forensic science and its integration into the Indian justice delivery system. It examines key milestones in the development of forensic practices in India and landmark cases that have underscored their importance in judicial decision-making. The paper further analyzes the legal framework governing forensic evidence, focusing on provisions within the Indian Evidence Act and the Code of Criminal Procedure, alongside judicial interpretations that have shaped its admissibility and reliability. Additionally, the study investigates the role of investigative agencies, including the responsibilities of police and forensic experts, and highlights the challenges faced in the coordination between law enforcement and forensic laboratories. A critical evaluation of technical, infrastructural, and human resource challenges reveals significant gaps hindering the effective utilization of forensic science in criminal justice. The paper concludes by identifying opportunities for reform, advocating for enhanced training, upgraded infrastructure, and robust legal provisions to strengthen the forensic science ecosystem in India. Through this analysis, the study aims to provide valuable insights for policymakers, legal practitioners, and forensic experts to address existing challenges and optimize the potential of forensic science in ensuring justice and accountability within the Indian legal system.

DOI: 10.22271/civillaw.2024.v4.i2c.107

Pages: 213-220 | Views: 111 | Downloads: 50

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